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International reactions to the 2026 United States strikes in Venezuela

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On 3 January 2026, the United States launched airstrikes on multiple locations across northern Venezuela and captured Venezuelan president Nicolás Maduro and his wife, Cilia Flores, leading to reactions from across the world.[1] Several governments condemned the strikes, with some describing them as a violation of international law, while others expressed support for the military intervention. Others were noncommittal or expressed vague apprehension.

Countries

Africa

  • Egypt: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs released a statement saying that they were carefully monitoring the situation and that they would work to protect Egyptian nationals living in Venezuela. Assistant Foreign Minister Haddad El-Gohary advised the Egpytian community in the country to follow all laws and contact the embassy if they were at risk.[2]
  • Senegal: Foreign Minister Cheikh Niang held a phone call with Venezuelan Foreign Minister Yván Gil, expressing solidarity to the Venezuelan people and Senegal's commitment to international law, supporting the principle of non-intervention, and the right of Venezuelans to determine their own future.[3]
  • Somaliland (limited recognition): The Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced its support for the operation and stated that Somaliland believes that it can lead to a "peaceful, Venezuelan-led political transition".[4]
  • South Africa: The Department of International Relations released a press statement which viewed the US' actions "as a manifest violation of the Charter of the United Nations." The Charter "does not authorise external military intervention in matters that are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of a sovereign nation," and South Africa pointed to history to demonstrate how "military invasions against sovereign states yield only instability and deepening crisis." It, furthermore, called on the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) to urgently convene to address the situation.[5][6]

Asia

  • Bangladesh: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a statement expressing concern over the "recent developments in Venezuela”, and that “diplomacy and dialogue should prevail to solve all disputes between countries and reaffirms steadfast commitment to the fundamental principles of the UN Charter and international law.”[7]
(see also Bangladesh–Venezuela relations)
  • China: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs said that it was "deeply shocked and strongly condemns the U.S. for recklessly using force against a sovereign state and targeting its president" and that the attack "seriously violate[d] international law, violate[d] Venezuela's sovereignty, and threaten[ed] the peace and security of Latin America and the Caribbean."[8][9] The ministry urged on the U.S. to release Maduro and his wife and ensure their personal safety.[10][11] The statement was made despite US president Donald Trump telling Fox News a few hours prior to the strikes that China would not take issue with the operation due to his good relationship with Chinese leader Xi Jinping.[12]
The Chinese Embassy in Venezuela advised Chinese citizens to avoid travel to Venezuela due to the security situation.[13][14]
Foreign minister Wang Yi stated that "We never believe that any country can play the role of world policeman, nor do we agree that any country can claim itself to be an international judge." He also stated that China opposes the use or threat of force.[15]
(see also China–Venezuela relations)
  • India: The Ministry of External Affairs asked Indian nationals to avoid non-essential travel to Venezuela after US action and asked that nationals already in Venezuela remain in contacts with the Indian embassy in Caracas.[16][17][18] It urged those involved to resolve conflicts amicably through communication in order to maintain regional peace and stability.[19]
  • Indonesia: Yvonne Mewengkang, spokesperson for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, called for "de-escalation and dialogue" while protecting citizens, emphasizing "the importance of respecting international law and the principles of the UN Charter." It was monitoring the situation for the safety of Indonesian nationals.[9] It later issued a formal statement on 4 January 2026, calling on all relevant parties to promote a peaceful settlement through de-escalation measures and dialogue, while continuing to prioritize the protection of civilians and respecting political affairs, ways-of-life, and Venezuela's sovereignty. The ministry also asked Indonesian nationals in Venezuela, especially Caracas, to keep calm and remain in contact with the Indonesian Embassy in Caracas.[20][21][22] On 5 January 2026, the First Commission of the House of Representatives formally requested the foreign ministry to prepare emergency evacuation procedures if the situation worsens.[23]
(see also Indonesia–Venezuela relations)
  • Iran: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a statement strongly condemning the US attack on Venezuela, calling on the United Nations and other states to respond to what it described as a blatant violation of the country's national sovereignty and territorial integrity.[24][25]
(see also Iran–Venezuela relations)
  • Israel: Gideon Sa'ar, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, stated via Twitter that "Israel commends the United States' operation, led by President Trump, which acted as the leader of the free world. At this historic moment, Israel stands alongside the freedom-loving Venezuelan people, who have suffered under Maduro's illegal tyranny. Israel welcomes the removal of the dictator who led a network of drugs and terror and hopes for the return of democracy to the country and for friendly relations between the states. The people of Venezuela deserve to exercise their democratic rights. South America deserves a future free from the axis of terror and drugs."[26][27] Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu stated that Israel supported the U.S. "strong action" in Venezuela.[28]
(see also Israel–Venezuela relations)
  • Japan: Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi tweeted that the "Japanese government is responding to this situation in close cooperation with relevant countries", stating that she is prioritizing the safety of Japanese nationals in Venezuela and "will also advance diplomatic efforts towards the restoration of democracy and stabilization of the situation in Venezuela". The Ministry of Foreign Affairs responded to the US strikes and intervention by reiterating its position as a G7 country, and offering support "toward the restoration of democracy and the stabilisation of the situation in Venezuela."[29]
(see also Japan–Venezuela relations)
  • North Korea: A Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson responded to a query about the U.S. "wildly violating the sovereignty of Venezuela" by calling it a "high-handedness act", stating "The incident is another example that clearly confirms once again the rogue and brutal nature of the U.S., which the international community has so frequently witnessed for a long time". It added that North Korea "strongly denounces the U.S. hegemony-seeking act committed in Venezuela as the most serious form of encroachment of sovereignty and as a wanton violation of the U.N. Charter and international laws". It also called on the international community to recognize the "catastrophic" situation in Venezuela and denounce the U.S.'s "habituated violation of sovereignty of other countries".[30] [31]
(see also North Korea–Venezuela relations)
  • South Korea: On 3 January, President Lee Jae Myung instructed officials to ensure the protection of South Korean nationals in Venezuela and to prepare evacuation plans in case the situation worsens. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs set up a task force to protect its nationals.[32] On 4 January, The Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson urged "all parties to make every effort to ease tensions in the region" and hoped "that democracy will be restored with the will of the Venezuelan people respected and that the situation in Venezuela will be stabilised at an early date through dialogue."[33]
(see also South Korea–Venezuela relations)
  • Malaysia: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs reaffirmed its position of "opposing all forms of foreign intervention in the internal affairs of sovereign states, as well as the threat or use of force."[34][35] The Foreign Ministry also confirmed that no Malaysians in the country were affected by the strikes, stating that the situation is closely monitored and actively obtaining updates to ensure safety of Malaysians.[36] Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim described the operation on Facebook as "unusual in scope and nature" as well as constitutes a "clear violation of international law and amounts to an unlawful use of force against a sovereign state."[37]
(see also Malaysia–Venezuela relations)
  • Oman: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated that it respects state sovereignty and independence and fully supports international law. In order to avoid escalation and bring about reconciliation, it urged all sides to use moderation and promote communication.[38]
  • Pakistan: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated that it attaches "great importance" to the wellbeing of the Venezuelan people, and urges the need for restraint and de-escalation in line with the principles of the Charter of the United Nations.[39] It added that it is engaged with the situation on the ground to ensure the safety and security of Pakistanis in Venezuela.[39]
  • Philippines: The Department of Foreign Affairs stated that it is monitoring the situation in Venezuela and urged "concerned parties to resolve disputes through peaceful means, and to exercise restraint to prevent escalation of conflict." It said the Philippine Embassy in Bogotá, the non-resident mission for Venezuela, had "issued a travel and safety advisory to Filipinos in Venezuela" and was prepared to provide assistance.[40]
(see also Philippines–Venezuela relations)
  • Qatar: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Qatar called for restraint and de-escalation and emphasized support for international law and the UN charter. It also offered to contribute to mediation efforts to reach an "immediate peaceful solution."[41]
  • Singapore: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Singapore expressed "grave concern" about the intervention and urged restraint by all parties.[42]
  • Thailand: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated that it is closely monitoring the situation and urges all parties involved to resolve the conflict peacefully in accordance with the UN Charter and international law, exercising restraint to avoid further escalation, prioritizing civilian protection and respecting Venezuelans' will.[43]
  • Turkey: Turkey said it was monitoring the situation in Venezuela, and urged restraint and called on all parties maintain order for the sake of regional and international security and safety.[41]
  • Vietnam: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs expressed deep concern about the Venezuelan situation. The Vietnamese authority also called all sides to respect international law and the United Nations Charter, including the principle of respect for national sovereignty, and to refrain from the use or threat of force in international relations.[44]

Europe

  • Albania: Foreign Minister Elisa Spiropali expressed Albania's full support for the US. Among other things, she said: "As a steadfast U.S. ally and NATO member, Albania stands shoulder to shoulder with American leadership in the defense of democratic principles and global security".[45]
  • Andorra: Foreign Minister Imma Tor emphasised the Andorran government's opposition to "Maduro's oppressive regime" and "we trust that the political transition process will continue peacefully and in accordance with international law".[46]
  • Belarus: President Alexander Lukashenko "categorically condemned" the strikes and the Belarusian Ministry of Foreign Affairs said the US' "armed aggression" was a "direct threat" to international peace and security.[13]
(see also Belarus–Venezuela relations)
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs expressed Bosnia and Herzegovina's support for the "people of Venezuela and for stability in the country and the wider region", calling on "all actors to act rationally, responsibly and with restraint to prevent further escalation and suffering". The Ministry added that "Maduro is a dictator, the world would be a better place without a ruler like him."[47]
  • Croatia: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs tweeted that "Nicolás Maduro's regime lacks the legitimacy arising from democratically conducted elections," and that "The United States has for some time now been raising serious allegations against Nicolás Maduro and certain members of the Venezuelan state leadership, including claims of ties to organized crime, drug trafficking, and violations of international sanctions regimes." The Ministry also stated that "we will advocate for the position that the suppression of international unlawful activities takes place in accordance with international rules and fundamental principles."[48]
  • Cyprus: Foreign Minister Constantinos Kombos stated that Cyprus calls "for de-escalation, restraint and a resolution that respects international law."[49]
  • Czech Republic: Prime Minister Andrej Babiš stated that he hopes that "the citizens of Venezuela will have freedom and democracy, and that they will choose a democratic regime".[50] Foreign Minister Petr Macinka stated the importance of calming the situation in Venezuela and to conduct diplomatic negotiations, including with the local opposition.[51]
  • Denmark: The minister for foreign affairs said: "I expect the UN Security Council to meet quickly to discuss the situation – we need to get back on track towards de-escalation and dialogue" adding "we must maintain respect for the international rules of the game".[52]
(see also Denmark–Venezuela relations)
  • Finland: Foreign Minister Elina Valtonen stated that "The EU has consistently supported the country's peaceful, democratic development. All states have a responsibility to respect and act in accordance with international law. This principle is a cornerstone of Finland's foreign policy."[53]
  • France: President Emmanuel Macron called for Maduro's 2024 opposition candidate, Edmundo González, whom he refers to as "president", to oversee a "peaceful, democratic" transition.[54] Macron praised the removal of the "Maduro dictatorship," stating that the Venezuelan people "can only rejoice" at being rid of his rule.[55][56] While condemning Maduro's regime, Foreign Minister Jean-Noël Barrot simultaneously criticized the U.S. military action that deposed him, stating: "The military operation that led to the capture of Nicolás Maduro violates the principle of not resorting to force, that underpins international law. France reiterates that no lasting political solution can be imposed from the outside and that only sovereign people themselves can decide their future."[57]
(see also France–Venezuela relations)
  • Georgia: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs expressed their hopes that Venezuela would revoke its recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia.[58]
  • Germany: Chancellor Friedrich Merz stated that "Nicolás Maduro has led his country into ruin. The most recent election was rigged. Like many other countries, we have therefore not recognized his presidency. Maduro has played a problematic role in the region. The legal assessment of the U.S. intervention is complex and requires careful consideration. International law remains the guiding framework. At this stage, political instability in Venezuela must be avoided. The objective is an orderly transition to an elected government."[59][56]
(see also Germany–Venezuela relations)
  • Greece: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated that Greece is "closely monitoring the situation in Venezuela".[60] Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis stated that "the end of his regime offers new hope for the country. This is not the time to comment on the legality of the recent actions."[61]
(see also Greece–Venezuela relations)
  • Holy See: Pope Leo XIV expressed concern over the US attack on Venezuela and the arrest of Maduro. He stated "The good of the beloved Venezuelan people must prevail over every other consideration and lead us to overcome violence and to undertake paths of justice and peace ..." at the midday Angelus prayer. Pope Leo invited everyone to pray for the people of Venezuela in St. Peter's Square.[62]
(see also Holy See–Venezuela relations)
  • Iceland: Foreign Minister Þorgerður Katrín Gunnarsdóttir condemned the strikes, stating that "we can and must stand against authoritarianism and human rights abuses at the same time".[63]
  • Ireland: Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade Helen McEntee said in a statement that she was in close contact with EU High Representative Kaja Kallas, and Ireland underlines the absolute necessity of full respect for international law and the principles of the UN Charter.[64]
  • Italy: Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni reaffirmed the government's support for a democratic transition in Venezuela, condemned repression by the Maduro government, whose electoral victory it does not recognize, and stated that while Italy opposes external military intervention, it considers defensive action against hybrid threats to national security, including those linked to state actors involved in narcotrafficking, to be legitimate.[65]
(see also Italy–Venezuela relations)
  • Kosovo: President Vjosa Osmani expressed her support for the US, stating that "Kosovo understands the impact of American resolve – our liberation is a testament to that. At a time when the US is confronting tyranny in Venezuela, we must all reinforce this stance, because the transatlantic community is strongest when united behind American leadership and shared values. When America leads, we stand proudly together – because our collective freedom depends on it."[66] Prime Minister Albin Kurti also expressed his full support for the US, arguing that the strikes were in defense of Western democratic values.[67]
(see also Kosovo–Venezuela relations)
  • Latvia: Foreign Minister Baiba Braže stated that "We've never recognised legitimacy of Maduro regime after the stolen elections. Venezuela is better off without him. We call for restraint and respect for international law by all."[68]
  • Lithuania: Foreign Minister Kęstutis Budrys stated that "Lithuania has not recognized Nicolás Maduro as the legitimate president of Venezuela. As a reminder, his regime has supported Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine and actively engaged with Iran and Cuba. At this stage, it is essential that any further actions be in line with international law."[69]
  • Malta: The Maltese government, which had not recognised Maduro's legitimacy, called for de-escalation and respect for international law.[70]
  • Netherlands: Prime Minister Dick Schoof stated that the Dutch cabinet was "closely following the developments in the Caribbean region and the situation in Venezuela following the US attacks," saying that "safety in the region is of great importance to Aruba, Curaçao and Bonaire."[71] Foreign Affairs Minister David van Weel stated that "The Kingdom of the Netherlands does not recognise the Maduro regime and calls for a swift return to democracy. The Netherlands urges all parties to prevent further escalation and to adhere to international law."[72]
(see also Netherlands–Venezuela relations)
  • North Macedonia: Foreign Minister Timčo Mucunski welcomed President Donald Trump's announcement that Nicolás Maduro had been arrested and would face justice.[73]
  • Norway: Minister of Foreign Affairs Espen Barth Eide stated that even though Norway does not recognize the legitimacy of Maduro's presidency, the American military operation marked "a grave escalation of an already highly volatile situation" and that it was "not in accordance with international law."[74]
  • Poland: Prime Minister Donald Tusk stated that the "U.S. strike on Venezuela affects the entire world," and that he hoped that 2026 would not be more eventful than 2025.[75] Minister of Foreign Affairs Radosław Sikorski tweeted that "it couldn't have happened to a nicer guy," in reference to the strikes.[76]
(see also Poland–Venezuela relations)
  • Portugal: Prime Minister Luís Montenegro stated that the Portuguese government is "focused on the future and on the restoration of a full democracy in which Venezuelans can freely choose their future." and that the government is "taking note of President Trump and the role of the United States in promoting a stable, peaceful, democratic, and inclusive transition in Venezuela as swiftly as possible.[77] Minister of Foreign Affairs Paulo Rangel confirmed that the Portuguese government is continuously monitoring the situation in Venezuela, in coordination with the President of the Republic, through the Portuguese embassy in Caracas, the consular network and contacts with European partners, the European Union and countries in the region.[78] The Portuguese government has declared the safety of Portuguese nationals in Venezuela to be a priority.[79]
(see also Portugal–Venezuela relations)
  • Romania: Prime Minister Ilie Bolojan stated that "Without being an international law specialist, obviously following the relations between the United States and Venezuela, they have been conflictual relations for many years, with the United States accusing the dictatorial leaderships of Venezuela in recent years of drug trafficking, of encouraging crime, of illegal migration and the United States Navy has been in the Venezuelan coastal area and is hitting boats that are suspected of drug trafficking. From this point of view, it was certainly a special operation that is not usual, but I hope the people of Venezuela will be in a situation where they will manage to establish a stable leadership and return to a democratic system."[80] Minister of Foreign Affairs Oana Țoiu stated that "peace in Venezuela is the highest concern," and that "We fully share the priority of combating drug trafficking and organized crime, which represent a significant threat to the security of both continents."[81]
  • Russia: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs condemned the strikes, calling them an "act of armed aggression".[82][83]
(see also Russia–Venezuela relations)
  • Serbia: President Aleksandar Vučić stated that "we want friendly relations with the United States, [...] but that it is our job to point out that there was a breach on international law".[84]
(see also Serbia–Venezuela relations)
  • Slovakia: Prime Minister Robert Fico criticized the US military action in Venezuela, describing it as "further evidence of the breakdown of the world order created after World War II."[9] He went on to say "International law does not apply, military force is used without a UN Security Council mandate, and anyone who is big and powerful does whatever they want to advance their own interests. As the Prime Minister of a small country, I must resolutely reject such a subversion of international law, as I did during the war in Iraq, the non-recognition of Kosovo as a sovereign state, the use of Russian military force in Ukraine, or the assessment of the situation in Gaza."[85][86]
  • Slovenia: Prime Minister Robert Golob followed the developments in Venezuela with concern, saying that "any military intervention against a sovereign state that is not based on the principles of international law and the UN is unacceptable and leads the world into a further spiral of war and violence," and also referencing tht the EU will "remain closely committed to the peaceful resolution of disputes, de-escalation of the situation and the peaceful and democratic path of Venezuela."[87]
  • Spain: The Foreign Ministry called for "de-escalation and moderation", and for compliance with "international law and the principles of the UN charter" adding that the ministry was "prepared to offer its good offices to achieve a peaceful and negotiated solution". They reiterated that they did not recognize the results of the 2024 Venezuelan presidential election and that Spain "has welcomed, and will continue to welcome, tens of thousands of Venezuelans who have had to leave their country for political reasons."[88] Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez also said that they would not recognize a US intervention that violates international law after President Trump announced that the US would run Venezuela.[89]
(see also Spain–Venezuela relations)
  • Sweden: Prime Minister Ulf Kristersson stated that "Venezuela has been one of the world's most ruthless socialist dictatorships," adding that "the Venezuelan people have been freed from Maduro's dictatorship," whilst reiterating that "all states have a responsibility to respect and act in accordance with international law."[90] Foreign Minister Maria Malmer Stenergard stated that "dictator Nicolás Maduro lacked democratic legitimacy. The Swedish government sheds no tears over the fact that he has lost power," but that "Venezuela's future must be decided by the Venezuelan people. Respecting the will of the Venezuelan people and achieving a negotiated, democratic, and peaceful solution is the only way for Venezuela to restore democracy and resolve the ongoing crisis."[91]
  •  Switzerland: The Federal Department of Foreign Affairs stated that "Switzerland has called for de-escalation, restraint and respect for international law."[92]
  • Ukraine: Foreign Minister Andrii Sybiha stated that "Ukraine has consistently defended the right of nations to live freely, free of dictatorship, oppression, and human rights violations. The Maduro regime has violated all such principles in every respect. We stand for further developments in accordance with the principles of international law, prioritising democracy, human rights, and the interests of Venezuelans."[9][93] Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy reacted with a pointed remark to the United States' capture of Nicolás Maduro, suggesting the U.S. now "knows what to do next" when dealing with dictators.[94][95]
(see also Ukraine–Venezuela relations)
  • United Kingdom: Prime Minister Keir Starmer stated "The UK has long supported a transition of power in Venezuela. We regarded Maduro as an illegitimate President and we shed no tears about the end of his regime", adding "I always say and believe we should all uphold international law".[96] He also clarified that the United Kingdom was not involved in the strikes.[97] The Foreign Office advised against all travel to Venezuela for British citizens.[98]
(see also United Kingdom–Venezuela relations)

North America

  • Aruba (constituent country of the Netherlands): Flights to the United States were cancelled as a precautionary measure. Prime Minister Mike Eman stated that despite the island's geographic proximity to Venezuela, Aruba was "well prepared" and that there was no cause for concern for daily life to Arubans.[99]
  • Canada: Minister of Foreign Affairs Anita Anand said that Canada refused to recognise the Maduro regime and opposed its "repression" of the Venezuelan people. She also stated that Canada calls on all parties to respect international law.[100]
(see also Canada–Venezuela relations)
  • Cuba: President and First Secretary of the Communist Party Miguel Díaz-Canel denounced "the criminal attack by the US" on Venezuela, and he called for urgent condemnation from the international community for what he described as "State terrorism against the brave Venezuelan people and against Our America."[101]
(see also Cuba–Venezuela relations)
  • Honduras: President Xiomara Castro strongly condemned what she described as an act of kidnapping by the United States, calling the events "an affront to the sovereignty and independence of the peoples of Latin America and the Caribbean." President Castro declared that Honduras stands "in solidarity with the brave people of Venezuela, and with President Nicolás Maduro and his wife."[102]
  • Mexico: President Claudia Sheinbaum "strongly condemns and rejects" the US military action, stating that the strikes breached the United Nations Charter. She urged the US to comply with international law and end "all acts of aggression" against the Venezuelan government and people.[103]
(see also Mexico–Venezuela relations)
  • Nicaragua: The Nicaraguan government condemned the strikes, claiming that peace in Venezuela was "gravely hurt" and called for Maduro's release.[104] On 3 January, a statement from Foreign Minister Valdrack Jaentschke condemned the US intervention and conveyed support for Delcy Rodríguez.[105]
  • Panama: President José Raúl Mulino voiced support for Venezuela's legitimate electoral outcome of the 2024 Venezuelan presidential election and the election of Edmundo González, affirming that Panama backs peace and an orderly and legitimate transition process.[106]
(see also Panama–Venezuela relations)
  • Trinidad and Tobago: Prime Minister Kamla Persad-Bissessar said Trinidad and Tobago played no role in any United States military operations in Venezuela.[107] In December 2025, the government of Trinidad and Tobago had announced it would allow the US military access to its airports in the coming weeks following the recent installation of a radar system.[108]

Oceania

  • Australia: Prime Minister Anthony Albanese urged all parties to "support dialogue and diplomacy".[109]
  • New Zealand: Foreign Minister Winston Peters expressed that "New Zealand is concerned by and actively monitoring developments in Venezuela and expects all parties to act in accordance with international law."[110]

South America

  • Argentina: President Javier Milei celebrated the capture of Maduro and his wife by posting on social media: "liberty advances, ¡Viva la libertad, carajo!".[111] In an interview with local media, Milei said that Maduro "clung on to power" and ran a regime "rigging elections", reaffirming that his capture was "excellent news for the free world."[9]
(see also Argentina–Venezuela relations)
  • Bolivia: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs expressed support for the Venezuelan people in their path to recover "democracy, constitutional order, and human rights", while reaffirming Bolivia's commitment to Venezuela's stability and humanitarian assistance.[112] President Rodrigo Paz later stated that "freedom is not negotiable" and that "the way out for Venezuela is to respect the vote."[113]
(see also Bolivia–Venezuela relations)
  • Brazil: President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva condemned the strikes and the capture of Maduro, referring to them as a "very serious affront to the sovereignty of Venezuela and a extremely dangerous precedent to all the international community".[114] On 4 January 2026, Brazil, Spain, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Uruguay issued a joint statement to express their "profound concern and firm rejection of the military actions carried out unilaterally in Venezuelan territory" by the United States.[115]
(see also Brazil–Venezuela relations)
  • Chile: Outgoing president Gabriel Boric condemned the strikes, calling for a peaceful resolution to the crisis and reaffirming Chile's commitment to international law and multilateralism rather than violence and foreign interference.[116] President-elect José Antonio Kast said that the capture of Maduro was "great news for the region".[117][118]
(see also Chile–Venezuela relations)
(see also Ecuador–Venezuela relations)
  • Guyana: President Irfaan Ali stated that Guyana has activated its security plan, declaring that "the Guyana Defence Force and the security forces are monitoring the situation and Guyanese should be reassured that the government is working to ensure the safety and security of our citizens."[123]
(see also Guyana–Venezuela relations)
  • Paraguay: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a statement reaffirming the country's "historic commitment to the peaceful resolution of international disputes." It also referred to Maduro as the "leader" of the Cartel of the Suns (declared a terrorist organization by the Paraguayan government) and stated that his continued hold on power posed a threat to the region.[124] President Santiago Peña later approved the operative, stating that "it can only bring good news."[125]
(see also Paraguay–Venezuela relations)
  • Peru: President José Jerí welcomed the intervention, stating that "Venezuela is beginning a new era of democracy and freedom." Similarly, he mentioned that "many families will be able to reunite in their country, so we will facilitate their immediate return regardless of their immigration status."[126][127]
(see also Peru–Venezuela relations)
(see also Uruguay–Venezuela relations)

International organizations

  •  United Nations: Stéphane Dujarric, the spokesperson for Secretary-General António Guterres, said that Guterres was "deeply alarmed by the recent escalation in Venezuela", and that it constituted a "dangerous precedent", emphasizing the full respect "by all – of international law, including the UN Charter".[129] The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, Volker Türk, requested restraint while respecting international law. Türk stated that "the protection of the people of Venezuela is paramount and must guide any further action". The UN Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela raised concerns over Venezuela's human rights situation and urged that accountability cannot be ignored by the developing situation. Human Rights Council-appointed chair for the mission, Marta Valiñas [es], echoed Türk's concerns of "grave human rights violations and crimes against humanity" in spite of the US' justification for its actions. An expert member on the team and human rights activist, Alex Neve, stressed that a military intervention breaching international law was unjustifiable and that Venezuelan officials who had engaged in years of repression must also be held accountable; another expert, María Elisa Quinteros, said this extended past Maduro to other military officials in control of the country's security forces.[130] At the request of Venezuela and Colombia, with the support of permanent members Russia and China, the UN Security Council convened on 5 January to discuss the situation.[131][132]
  • Organization of American States: Secretary General Albert Ramdin called on all actors to fully respect international law, offered to assist in de-escalation, and announced that the organization's Permanent Council would convene to discuss the recent developments.[133][134]
  •  European Union: High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Kaja Kallas called for restraint and de-escalation, saying international law and the UN Charter must be upheld, while reiterating the EU's position that Maduro's government "lacks legitimacy".[135][136]

Political parties

Argentina

Australia

  • The Liberal–National Coalition issued a statement welcoming the news, stating that "We should live in a world where dictators and despots face justice for their crimes."[138]
  • The Greens called the operation a breach of international law.[139]

Brazil

Canada

  • Liberal Party: The Liberal Party welcomed the potential for freedom and democracy in Venezuela while emphasizing respect for international law.[148]
  • Conservative Party: The Conservative Party celebrated the U.S. capture of Maduro as a victory against socialism and called for Maduro to face imprisonment.[148]
  • The NDP condemned the U.S. military action as illegal, unauthorized by the UN, and called on Canada to demand its immediate cessation.[148]
  • Bloc Québécois: The Bloc Québécois noted that Maduro's regime violates fundamental freedoms but warned that U.S. military intervention risks civilian lives and disregards international law.[148]

Colombia

  • Democratic Center celebrated the U.S.'s military actions in response to declarations from former Colombian president Juan Manuel Santos that were critical of them,[149] with the party also comparing Colombian president Gustavo Petro to Maduro.[150] Party member and former Colombian president Álvaro Uribe said that "United States [sic] Acted in Legitimate Self-Defense", further saying that the U.S. "has had to do what international bodies and the Venezuelan Armed Forces should have done but did not" and wishing for Colombia to "soon free itself from this destructive contagion".[151][152]

Costa Rica

  • The Broad Front condemned the US military action accusing the US of using "Trump's supremacist logic".[153]

El Salvador

France

  • La France Insoumise voiced strong opposition to the American intervention, while the party's de facto leader Jean-Luc Mélenchon declared "there is no such thing as a good invasion, only bad ones. No pretext authorizes one nation to invade its neighbor, especially not under the claim of solving its problems."[155]

Germany

The Merz cabinet is a coalition of CDU/CSU and SPD. Greens, AfD and Left are the opposition in the 21st Bundestag.

Guatemala

  • The URNG condemned the US military action and demanded the withdrawal of the US forced from the region and the release of Maduro.[157]
  • Winaq condemned the US military action saying it was not "to the defense of democracy or human rights, but to the historical interests of imperialism to appropriate the strategic resources of the people".[158]

Honduras

Italy

  • The Democratic Party reiterated their condemnation of Maduro's "brutal regime", but also condemned the strikes on Venezuela as a "violation of Venezuela's sovereignty" and as "serious violations of international law", believing that "Democracy cannot be exported with bombs". [160]

India

Indonesia

  • The Just and Prosperous People's Party of Advanced Indonesia Coalition condemned the U.S. strikes in Venezuela and denounced it as "vulgar aggression".[163]
  • The National Awakening Party of Advanced Indonesia Coalition, thru its faction in House of Representatives condemned U.S. and accusing Donald Trump using "law of the jungle" and can be set by other advanced, developed powers to force developing states into capitulation, leading to "modern-era imperialism and colonization".[164]
  • The Prosperous Justice Party thru its faction in House of Representatives condemned the U.S. strikes as illegal act against legitimate Venezuelan government and warned that act can set precedence for future illegal acts committed by powerful ruling government of a state against government of their rival states or neighboring states.[165]

Malaysia

  • Secretary General of the Malaysian United Indigenous Party, Azmin Ali said that the operation "amounted to a unilateral and unlawful use of armed force under international law, in violation of Article 2(4) of the Charter of the United Nations" and called for the Malaysian government to "strengthen the Global South through the Non-Aligned Movement and enhance cross-regional cooperation, while lending support to international accountability mechanisms addressing violations of international law."[166]
  • The chairman of the People's Justice Party's International Affairs Bureau, Maszlee Malik, urged the US to halt all military actions against Venezuela, respect Venezuela's sovereignty and political freedom fully aligned with the Charter of the United Nations and demanded the international community to "preserve peace and prioritize diplomatic solutions through dialogue and multilateral forums".[167]

New Zealand

Paraguay

  • The president of the Authentic Radical Liberal Party, Hugo Fleitas, applauded Maduro's capture, stating that "We celebrate the liberation of Venezuela from the oppressive regime of dictator Maduro" and "we hope for the restoration of democracy based on respect for the self-determination of the Venezuelan people, expressed at the polls in 2024 with the election of Edmundo González as their president."[168]
  • The Guasú Front issued a statement condemning the strikes, labelling as an "intolerable military aggression against Venezuela and all of Latin America."[169]

Peru

Philippines

  • Akbayan condemned the what they view as an attack on Venezuela's sovereignty and on the people's right to self-determination and challenged the United State's justification of self-defense and support of democratic regime change for Venezuelan people. It says that the incident ushured a "new world order" where international disputes are resolved through "brute force" rather than international law.[171]
  • The Makabayan bloc has urged President Bongbong Marcos to issue a clear and unequivocal condemnation on what it calls an "unprovoked" attack on Venezuela. It also reiterates its opposition to the Philippines' Mutual Defense Treaty and Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement with the United States.[172]

United States

Uruguay

  • The Broad Front condemned the operation, arguing that it constituted a "threat to peace in the region" and a violation of international law and the multilateral system.[175] It further expressed its solidarity with the Venezuelan people, describing it as an event that "marks a turning point in the region."[176]
  • The National Executive Comitte of the Colorado Party stated that "the dictator has fallen" and Maduro's fall opens a "real democratic transition" under the leadership of both Edmundo González and María Corina Machado.[177]
  • The National Party reiterated its condemnation of what it described as the "dictatorship of Nicolás Maduro," citing the persecution of political dissent, the systematic violation of human rights, and the existence of political prisoners, while also affirming that it does not support any form of foreign military or political intervention aimed at determining Venezuela's future or undermining its sovereignty.[178]

Non-state actors

  • Hamas: Hamas strongly condemned the strikes on Venezuela, calling them a "grave violation of international law" and an "assault on the sovereignty of an independent state," adding that it "represents a continuation of America's unjust policies and interferences, which are driven by its imperial ambitions."[179]
  • Hezbollah: Hezbollah condemned what it called "the terrorist aggression and American thuggery against the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela," and added that it "further affirms its full solidarity with Venezuela — its people, presidency, and government — in confronting this American aggression and arrogance."[180] It added that "The US is gripped by a craze for control, especially under the current president, and continues its aggressive polices based on subjugating free nations and peoples, plundering their wealth and resources, and leading wars aimed at redrawing borders."[41]
  • Houthis: The Houthi movement condemned condemned the United States as "terrorists," stating "What America is doing to Venezuela proves once again that America is the head of evil and the mother of terrorism. Yemen affirms solidarity with Venezuela and its President Nicolás Maduro, who has refused to submit to American hegemony."[41]
  • Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine: The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine condemned the attack, asserting it to be akin to Israeli aggression against Palestinians. The group affirmed that they stood with Venezuela on all fronts and that vowed that the nation ("Venezuela - 'Bolivar, Chávez, and Maduro'") would emerge victorious.[181]

Financial markets

Venezuela's oil infrastructure was unaffected by the strikes. The country produces little oil, accounting for less than 1% of global production, and global production in 2026 is forecast to exceed demand and produce a record surplus according to the International Energy Agency. Weekend oil trading sessions saw minor rises in the price of crude oil.[182] After Maduro's arrival to the United States , oil prices declined, according to analysis by the Financial Times.[183]

See also

References

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  145. ^ "Nota do PSOL sobre o ataque de Trump e dos EUA contra a Venezuela". PSOL 50 (in Brazilian Portuguese). 3 January 2026. Retrieved 4 January 2026.
  146. ^ "PT condena ataque dos EUA e sequestro de Maduro". Partido dos Trabalhadores. Retrieved 4 January 2026.
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  148. ^ a b c d Lopez Steven, Benjamin (3 January 2026). "Canada stands by Venezuelan people's right to decide their future, says PM Carney". CBC News. Retrieved 3 January 2026.
  149. ^ "Centro Democrático lanza dura critica a Juan Manuel Santos por su postura frente a Maduro". El Pais (in Spanish). 3 January 2026. Retrieved 4 January 2026.
  150. ^ Gómez, Licsa (3 January 2026). "Centro Democrático calificó al expresidente Juan Manuel Santos de "cínico y pusilánime" tras su postura frente a la captura de Nicolás Maduro". infobae (in Spanish). Retrieved 4 January 2026.
  151. ^ Ariza, Wendys Pitre (3 January 2026). "Álvaro Uribe dice que 'Estados Unidos actuó en legítima defensa' tras la captura de Nicolás Maduro". El Tiempo (in Spanish). Retrieved 4 January 2026.
  152. ^ Uribe Vélez, Álvaro (3 January 2026). "United States Acted in Legitimate Self-Defense [...]". X. Retrieved 4 January 2026.
  153. ^ Camarillo, Brenda (3 January 2026). "Frente Amplio condena detención de Nicolás Maduro y advierte que ataque de EE.UU. pone en riesgo la paz regional". LaRepublica (in Spanish). Retrieved 3 January 2026.
  154. ^ Merlos, Ricardo (3 January 2026). "FMLN condena ataques de EE.UU. a Venezuela: "Es una agresión contra toda América Latina"" [FMLN Condemns US Attacks in Venezuela: "It Is Aggression Against All Latin America"]. La Noticia SV (in Spanish). Retrieved 3 January 2026.
  155. ^ Cassani, Sandrine; Lesueur, Corentin (4 January 2026). "Abduction of Maduro highlights French politicians' uneasy ties". Le Monde. Retrieved 4 January 2026.
  156. ^ a b c d e "Unterschiedliche Reaktionen auf US-Einsatz". Deutschlandfunk. 3 January 2026. Retrieved 3 January 2026.
  157. ^ "Partido de Guatemala repudió injerencia de EEUU en Venezuela". Prensa Latina (in Spanish). 3 January 2026. Retrieved 4 January 2026.
  158. ^ "Partido Winaq de Guatemala condenó agresión de EEUU a Venezuela". Prensa Latina (in Spanish). 3 January 2026. Retrieved 4 January 2026.
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  161. ^ "Left Parties Condemn US Attack on Venezuela, Say Real Target Is Oil". Outlook India. 3 January 2026. Retrieved 3 January 2026.
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  163. ^ "Ketua Umum PRIMA Agus Jabo: Agresi Amerika Serikat terhadap Venezuela Melanggar Hukum Internasional". Wartakotalive.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 5 January 2026.
  164. ^ Ulum, Khafidul (5 January 2026). "Penangkapan Presiden Venezuela Rusak Tatanan Dunia, Komisi I Minta RI Desak PBB Gelar Sidang Darurat - FPKB DPR RI". Fraksi PKB (in Indonesian). Retrieved 5 January 2026.
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  168. ^ "El Partido Nacional condenó la dictadura de Maduro pero "no respalda ninguna intervención extranjera"". ultimahora.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 3 January 2026.
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  177. ^ "Comité Ejecutivo Nacional del Partido Colorado, ante la situación en Venezuela, expresa". partidocolorado.uy (in Spanish). 3 January 2026. Retrieved 5 January 2026.
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